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单词 scratch
释义
scratch
verb
uk
/skrætʃ/us
/skrætʃ/

scratchverb(CUT)

B2[IorT]
tocutordamageasurfaceoryourskinslightlywith or on somethingsharporrough:
抓；搔；擦；划
We scratched thewalltryingto get thebedinto Martha'sroom.我们把床搬进玛莎的房间里时，把墙面给划坏了。
Becarefulnot to scratchyourselfontheroses.当心不要被玫瑰刺扎伤。
A fewchickenswere scratchingabout/around(=searchingwiththeirbeaks)in theyardforgrain.几只鸡在院子里到处扒寻谷粒吃。
B2[T]
If you scratch something on or off asurface, youaddit orremoveit by scratching:
刻；刮
People have been scratchingtheirnamesonthisrockforyears.许多年来人们都在这块岩石上刻写名字。
I scratched somepaintoffthedooras I was getting out of thecar.我下车时蹭掉了车门上的一些漆。
B2[I]
If ananimalscratches, itrubssomething withitsclaws(=sharpnails):
（动物）用爪子抓，搔
The dog's scratchingatthedoor- hewantsto beletin.狗用爪子抓门——它想进来。
B2[IorT]
torubyourskinwithyournails:
（用指甲）搔，挠
He was scratching (at) hismosquitobites.他在抓挠蚊子咬过的地方。
Hannah scratched herheadthoughtfully.汉娜一边思索一边挠头。
More examples
  • Thetopof thedeskwasbadlyscratched.
  • The car'spaintworkhas been scratched.
  • Paintwork on thecornerof astairwaytendsto get scratched.
  • Iaccidentallyscratched her with mylongnails.
  • Iscrapedthecaragainst apostand scratched thepaintwork.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Cutting and stabbing
  • abrasion
  • bayonet
  • butcher
  • carve
  • carving
  • chisel
  • chop
  • impaler
  • incise
  • julienne
  • lacerate
  • lacerated
  • shave
  • shear
  • shearing
  • sheep shearing
  • slash
  • sliced
  • slit
  • snip
See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Animal (non-human) behaviour
Scratching and rubbing

scratchverb(REMOVE)

[IorT]
toremoveyourself or anotherpersonor ananimalfrom acompetitionbefore thestart:
（使）退出比赛
Theworldchampionscratchedfromthe 800metresafterinjuringherself thedaybefore.这位世界冠军在比赛前一天受了伤，只好退出800米赛跑。
They scratched thehorsefromtheracebecause she hadbecomelame.由于马瘸了腿，所以他们让它退出了比赛。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Removing and extracting
  • ablate
  • abstract
  • bowdlerization
  • bowdlerized
  • clear the decksidiom
  • drain
  • extract
  • gougesomethingout
  • letsomeonedown
  • over-extraction
  • pick
  • pluck
  • pump
  • scoop
  • slice
  • takesomethingaway
  • unboxing
  • undrained
  • wipesomethingoffsomething
  • yank
See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Winning, losing & scoring in sport

scratchverb(STOP)

[T]informal
(UKusuallyscrub)
todecidenot to do something you hadplannedto do:
取消（原计划）
We had to scratchourplanswhen Ilostmyjob.我失业了，我们不得不取消计划。
Synonym
cancel
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Cancelling and interrupting
  • adjourn
  • adjourn tosomewhere
  • arrest
  • break
  • callsomeone/somethingoff
  • cancellable
  • cut
  • diversion
  • halt
  • in midstreamidiom
  • kick
  • kicksomethinginto touchidiom
  • rain
  • scrub
  • shut
  • shut(something)off
  • stop
  • Zoom bomb
  • Zoombomber
  • Zoombombing
See more results »

Idioms

scratchyourhead
scratch beneath the surface
you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours

Phrasal verb

scratch around forsomething
scratch
noun
uk
/skrætʃ/us
/skrætʃ/
B2[C]
amarkmade by scratching:
抓痕；擦痕；划痕；刮痕
Herlegswerecoveredin scratches andbruisesafter herwalkthrough theforest.她步行穿过森林，腿上满是擦伤和瘀青。
There was a scratch on the CD.CD上有道划痕。
Amazingly, hesurvivedtheaccidentwithout ascratch(= withoutsufferinganyinjuriesat all).令人惊奇的是，他在这场事故中幸存了下来，而且毫发未损。
Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples
damage to the body
  • injuryHe was treated for minor injuries.
  • woundMost of the casualties had gunshot wounds.
  • cutHe walked away from the car crash with only cuts and bruises.
  • gashHe was bleeding profusely from a deep gash in his leg.
  • scratchShe had little scratches all over her arms.
  • lacerationA doctor's report said the laceration had cut the jugular vein.
See more results »
[S]UK
anactof scratching:
（人或动物的）搔，挠
Thatdogishavinga good scratch. It must havefleas.狗在使劲地挠痒，它身上一定有跳蚤。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Cutting and stabbing
  • abrasion
  • bayonet
  • butcher
  • carve
  • carving
  • chisel
  • chop
  • impaler
  • incise
  • julienne
  • lacerate
  • lacerated
  • shave
  • shear
  • shearing
  • sheep shearing
  • slash
  • sliced
  • slit
  • snip
See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Scratching and rubbing

Idioms

from scratch
up to scratch
scratch
adjective
UK
uk
/skrætʃ/us
/skrætʃ/
scratch team/side/orchestra
agroupofpeoplebroughttogether in ahurryinordertoplaytogether on aparticularoccasion
临时拼凑起来的队伍／派别／管弦乐队
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Temporary
  • acting
  • be a nine days' wonderidiom
  • casual
  • casually
  • eddy
  • ephemeral
  • fugacious
  • fugitive
  • here
  • here today, gone tomorrowidiom
  • impermanence
  • nine
  • non-established
  • pro tem
  • provisional
  • short-lived
  • short-term
  • sticking plaster
  • transient
  • transitory
See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Groups of people
Competitors & participants in sports & games
(Definition ofscratchfrom theCambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus© Cambridge University Press)

scratch| American Dictionary

scratch
verb[I/T]
us
/skrætʃ/

scratchverb[I/T](CUT)

tocutordamageasurfacewith somethingsharporrough, or torubapartofyourbodywith somethingsharporrough:
[T]He used apenknifeto scratch hisinitialsinto thebarkof thetree.
[I]You canholdthecat– she won’t scratch.
If you scratchyourskin, yourubit with thenailsofyourfingers:
[T]Iknowtheyitch, but don’t scratchyourmosquitobites.

scratchverb[I/T](REMOVE)

toremoveyourself or anotherpersonor ananimalfrom acompetitionbefore thestart:
[I]Mary Slaney scratched from the 1500-meterrunbecause of anAchillestendonproblem.
To scratch is also todecidenot to do something that you hadplannedto do; tocancel:
[T]We were going toremodelourkitchen, but we had to scratch that when Ilostmyjob.

Idioms

scratchyourhead
scratch the surface
scratch
noun[C]
us
/skrætʃ/
acutormarkthat is made in asurfacewith somethingsharporrough:
Tinyparticlesofcarwaxfillin the little scratches on thecar.
(Definition ofscratchfrom theCambridge Academic Content Dictionary© Cambridge University Press)

Examplesofscratch

scratch
The sharp tutti attack is now the direct result of a turntablescratch, and it marks the syncopated downbeats of chopped and sampled breaks.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Consider that there is no trivial link between the sight of watching someone elsescratchtheir nose, and the experience of scratching your own nose.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Although it is difficult now to distinguish between intentional marks and later random scratches, it does seem that the design was intended as meaningful.
From theCambridge English Corpus
In addition, some models incorporate different spatial and temporal database models to achieve the final objective, and others have proposed their modelling approach fromscratch.
From theCambridge English Corpus
We have merely scratched the surface of a range of theoretical approaches that can be explored within the context of priority in health care.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Whenever a new corpuslinguistics effort is launched, it usually devises fromscratchits own ranges of grammatical categories and codes.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Some of them are based on printed dictionaries, others have been built fromscratchas electronic dictionaries.
From theCambridge English Corpus
It operates on a field of entangled and confused parchments, on documents that have been scratched over and recopied many times' (p. 151-2).
From theCambridge English Corpus
Our system is the first aimed at building semantic lexicons fromscratchusing only a representative text corpus and a handful of predefined seed words.
From theCambridge English Corpus
If humans could hybridize or select flowers and grow them, they could not create flowers fromscratch.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Thescratchassay was performed 2 weeks after infection and reorientation of the centrosome or the formation of protrusions were quantified.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Poorly preserved but significant specimen with typical bundle-shaped wrinkles superimposingscratchmark patterns on the lobe surfaces.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Easier than creating a taxonomy fromscratchis to use one already available in the literature.
From theCambridge English Corpus
After every refinement one could re-evaluate all the bounds fromscratchbut for efficiency it is desirable to specialise the constraint to the particular refinement.
From theCambridge English Corpus
As a result, a new multi-billion dollar industry - the life insurance industry, specializing in annuities - has developed, practically fromscratch.
From theCambridge English Corpus
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
#https://dictionary.cambridge.org//dictionary/english/scratch##
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更新时间：2024/12/27 23:26:12