We use the quantifierlessto talk about reduced quantities, amounts or degree.Lessis a comparative word.
Less: position
We uselesswith different classes of words. We uselessafter verbs but before every other word class:
[talking about a car]
This model consumesless fuel.(less+ noun)
[sign on a bus]
Give up this seat to someoneless ableto stand.(less+ adjective)
Second class post arrivesless quicklythan first class.(less+ adverb)
Itcosts lessto go by bus than by train.(verb +less)
See also:
Determiners (the, my,some,this)
Little,a little,few,a few
Lesswith nouns
We uselesson its own with singular uncountable nouns:
You’ve gotless chanceof passing if you don’t work hard.
Small local shops can be more expensive and can haveless choice.
Less of
Whenever we uselessbefore articles (a/an, the), demonstratives (this, that), possessives (my, your) or pronouns (him, it), we needof:
Doctors and nutritionists always seem to be telling us to eatless of thefood we enjoy.
There wasless of acrowd at the match today than at last week’s.
We seeless of themsince they moved away.
Lesswithout a noun (as a pronoun)
We usually leave out the noun afterlesswhen the noun is understood:
That’s too much pasta for me. Can I haveless?(less pasta)
Less and less
We often useless and lessto emphasise a decrease in something:
Ever since I met you, my work has seemedless and lessimportant.
I’ve been sleepingless and less.