英语单词短语词组“grammar/british-grammar/verb-patterns-verb-infinitive-or-verb-ing”的中文翻译、释义及用法解析-英汉词典

Some verbs can be followed immediately by ato-infinitive:

afford	demand	like	pretend
agree	fail	love	promise
arrange	forget	manage	refuse
ask	hate	mean (= intend)	remember
begin	help	need	start
choose	hope	offer	try
continue	intend	plan	want
decide	learn	prefer

I can’tafford to goon holiday.

Itbegan to rain.

Shehopes to goto university next year.

My mother neverlearnt to swim.

Did youremembertoringNigel?

See also:

Help somebody (to) do
Want
Verbs followed by a direct object and ato-infinitive

Some verbs are normally followed by the-ingform, not theto-infinitive:

admit	deny	finish	mind
avoid	dislike	give up	miss
(can’t) help	enjoy	imagine	practise
(can’t) stand	fancy	involve	put off
consider	feel like	keep (on)	risk

I alwaysenjoy cooking.

Not:I always enjoy to cook.

We haven’tfinished eatingyet.

Not:We haven’t finished to eat.

Shekeepschangingher mind about the wedding.

Some of these verbs (e.g.can’t stand, dislike, imagine, involve, mind, miss, put offandrisk) can be used with a new subject before the-ingform (underlined in the examples below). If the new subject is a pronoun, it is in the object form (me, him, her, us, them):

We just couldn’timagineGerrysingingin public.

Doyoumindmebeinghere while you’re working?

I don’t want toriskhimlosinghis job.

See also:

Verbs followed by-ing

Hate, like, loveandprefercan be followed either by-ingor ato-infinitive. The difference in meaning is often small. The-ingform emphasises the verb itself. Theto-infinitive puts the emphasis more on the preference for, or the results of, the action.

Compare

-ingform	to-infinitive
IlovecookingIndian food.(emphasis on the process itself and enjoyment of it)	Ilike to drinkjuice in the morning, and tea at lunchtime.(emphasis more on the preference or habit)
Shehatescleaningher room.(emphasis on the process itself and no enjoyment of it)	Ihate to bethe only person to disagree.(emphasis more on the result: I would prefer not to be in that situation.)
Most peopleprefer watchinga film at the cinema rather than on TV.(emphasis on the process itself and enjoyment of it)	Weprefer to driveduring the day whenever we can.(emphasis more on the result and on the habit or preference. The speaker doesn’t necessarily enjoy the process of driving at any time of day.)

Whenhate, like, loveandpreferare used withwouldorshould, only theto-infinitive is used, not the-ingform:

She’dlovetoget a job nearer home.

Not:She’d love getting a job nearer home.

Wouldyouliketo havedinner with us on Friday?

Some verbs can be followed by ato-infinitive or the-ingform, but with a change in meaning:

go on	need	remember	try
mean	regret	stop	want

Compare

-ingform	to-infinitive
Working in Londonmeans leavinghome at 6.30.(Because I work in London, this is the result or consequence.)	I didn’tmeantomakeyou cry.(I didn’t intend to make you cry.)
Hewent on singingafter everyone else had finished.(He continued singing without stopping.)	She recited a poem, thenwent on tosinga lovely folk song.(She recited the poem first, then she sang the song.)
Itried searchingthe web and finally found an address for him.(I searched the web to see what information I could find.)	Itried to emailSimon but it bounced back.(I tried/attempted to email him but I did not succeed.)
Shestopped cryingas soon as she saw her mother.(She was crying, and then she didn’t cry anymore.)	Westoppedtobuysome water at the motorway service area.(We were travelling and we stopped for a short time in order to buy some water.)

See also:

Mean
Need
Rememberorremind?
Stop+-ingform orto-infinitive
Want

Letandmakeare followed by an infinitive withouttoin active voice sentences. They always have an object (underlined) before the infinitive:

Letmeshowyou this DVD I’ve got.

Theymadeuswaitwhile they checked our documents.

Not:They made us to wait…

Helpcan be followed by an infinitive withouttoor ato-infinitive:

Shehelpedmefinda direction in life.

Everyone canhelp to reducecarbon emissions by using public transport.

See also:

Help somebody (to) do
Let,let’s
Make

A group of verbs connected with feeling, hearing and seeing can be used with -ingor with an infinitive withoutto:

feel	notice	see
hear	overhear	watch

When they are used with -ing, these verbs emphasise the action or event in progress. When they are used with an infinitive withoutto, they emphasise the action or event seen as a whole, or as completed.

Compare

-ing	infinitive withoutto
Sheheardpeopleshoutingin the street below and looked out of the window.(emphasises that the shouting probably continued or was repeated)	Iheardsomeoneshout‘Help!’, so I ran to the river.(emphasises the whole event: the person probably shouted only once)
A police officersawhimrunningalong the street.(emphasises the running as it was happening)	EmilysawPhiliprunout of Sandra’s office.(emphasises the whole event from start to finish)

Some verbs are used with a direct object (underlined) followed by ato-infinitive. These verbs include:

advise	hate	like	persuade	request
ask	help	love	prefer	teach
challenge	instruct	need	recommend	tell
choose	intend	order	remind	want
forbid	invite

Iadvisedhimtogeta job as soon as possible.

Did MartinteachGaryto playsquash?

Theywantmeto goto Germany with them.

Verb patterns: verb + infinitive or verb + -ing?

Verbs followed by ato-infinitive

Verbs followed by-ing

-ingbut notto-infinitive

New subject before -ing

Verbs followed by ato-infinitive or-ing

Hate,like,love,prefer

Hate,like,love,preferwithwouldorshould

To-infinitive or-ingform with a change in meaning

Verbs followed by an infinitive withoutto

Let,make

Help

Verbs followed by-ingor an infinitive withoutto

Verbs followed by a direct object and ato-infinitive