英语单词短语词组“grammar/british-grammar/verb-patterns-with-and-without-objects”的中文翻译、释义及用法解析-英汉词典

Some verbs always need an object. These are called transitive verbs. Some verbs never have an object. These are called intransitiveverbs. Some verbs can be used with or without an object. These are called transitive (with an object) and intransitive (without an object) uses of the verbs.

These verbs are mostly used transitively:

ask	describe	get	need	take
attend	discuss	like	raise	telephone
believe	emphasise	join	receive	use
buy	enjoy	lose	say	want
consider	expect	love	suggest	watch
contact	find	make

Did youenjoythe film?

I can’tfindher nameon the list.

Suzannetookmy car keys.

These objects (underlined above) are called direct objects.

Warning:

We don’t need a preposition after these verbs:

The bookemphasisesthe role of the arts in society.

Not:The book emphasises on the role of the arts in society.

See also:

Objects
Linking verbs
Want

Verbs which are most commonly used intransitively:

appear	die	lie	sneeze
arrive	disappear	live	snow
come	fall	rain	wait
cough	happen	rise	work

Suddenly Jossappearedin the doorway.

Rita looked upset – do you know whathappened?

Did itrainlast night?

Some verbs can be used with an object (transitively) or without an object (intransitively). Sometimes the meaning is the same. (Objects are underlined.)

Compare

transitive	intransitive
I just can’teathot food.	What time do you want toeat?
Sheenteredthe roomlooking nervous.	Do notenter.
Hedrivesa vanfor a delivery firm.	I learnt todrivewhen I was twenty.
My fatherleftschoolwhen he was fourteen.	We shouldleavenow.
Shewona competitionand got a free trip to Copenhagen.	How was the match? Did youwin?

In these examples, although one use has an object and the other does not, the meaning is more or less the same.

Some verbs can be used with or without an object, but the relationship between the verb and the subject is different in each case. When these verbs have an object, the subject does the action. When they have no object, the action or event happens to the subject.

(s = subject; v = verb; o = object)

Compare

Transitive (the subject does the action)	Intransitive (the action or event happens to the subject)
[S]He[V]opened[O]the doorand walked in.	[S]The door[V]openedslowly.
[S]The teacheralways[V]begins[O]each lessonwith a quiz.	[S]The interviews[V]will beginat 2.30 pm.
Theyincreasedmy salarylast month.	Global temperaturesare increasing.
Do you know how youworkthis camera?	How does this camerawork?

Some verbs take two objects, a direct objectand an indirect object. The indirect object is the person or thing that receives the direct object. The indirect object (underlined in the examples) comes before the direct object (in bold):

ask	give	make	promise	show
bring	hand	offer	save	teach
charge	leave	owe	send	tell
find	lend	pay	serve	wish
fine

Can Iaskyoua question?

Theychargedme£150for three hours.

Shegaveher brotheran MP3 playerfor his birthday.

Buying things on the Internetsavespeoplea lot of time.

Prepositional complements can operate as an alternative to indirect objects with some of these verbs:

(pc = prepositional complement; io = indirect object; do = direct object)

Igave[DO]an old jacket of mine[PC]to my brother. (or Igave[IO]my brother[DO]an old jacket of mine.)

Heoweda lot of moneyto his parents.(orHeowedhis parentsa lot of money.)

Edithfoundan excellent violin teacherfor us.(orEdithfoundusan excellent violin teacher.)

See also:

Getpassive
Have

Many verbs which can be followed by athat-clause can also be used with a clause beginning withwho, what, when, where, which, whose, whyorhowas the direct object. We call thesewh-clauses (underlined in the examples below):

arrange	consider	enquire	imagine	predict	show
ask	decide	explain	judge	prove	tell
care	depend	find out	know	realise	think
check	discover	forget	learn	remember	wonder
choose	discuss	guess	mind	say
confirm	doubt	hear	notice	see

Miriamexplainedhow she had done it.

I didn’trealisewho it was at first.

Can yourememberwhat they told us at the hotel?

Many of the verbs which can be followed by awh-clause can also be followed by awh-clause withto-infinitive (underlined below):

arrange	decide	find out	learn	show
ask	discover	forget	notice	tell
check	discuss	imagine	remember	think
choose	enquire	judge	say	wonder
consider	explain	know	see

Wediscussedwhat to do about the community hall.

I really don’tknowwho to suggest as a replacement for Jim.

Can youseehow to put paper into this printer?

Verb patterns: with and without objects

Verbs: transitive and intransitive uses

Verbs with an object (transitive)

Verbs with no object (intransitive)

Transitive or intransitive

Relationship between verb and subject

Verbs with direct and indirect objects

Verbs followed by a direct object and a prepositional phrase of time or place

Verbs followed by a direct object and an-edclause

Verbs followed by awh-clause as direct object

Wh-clause as direct object

Wh-clause +to-infinitive