pass laws
noun[plural]
uk/ˈpɑːs ˌlɔːz/us/ˈpæs ˌlɔːz/lawscontrollingwherepeoplecanlive,work, andtravelinside acountry, usedespeciallyin the past under thesystemofapartheid(=racialseparation)inSouthAfrica:
（尤指南非在种族隔离时期推行的）通行证法Introduced in 1923, thepasslawsweredesignedby theSouthAfricangovernmenttopreventfreedomofmovementof non-whites.通行证法是南非政府于1923年推出的，目的是限制非白人的行动自由。
Critics havedescribedIDcardsas themodernequivalentof "passlaws".批评者认为身份证相当于现代的 "通行证法"。
- In the 1950spasslawswereextendedtoAfricanwomen as well as men.
- It was under Botha'sleadershipthat theSouthAfricanstateabolishedthepasslawswhichrestrictedthemovementofAfricansin thecountry.
- HecomparestheproposaltointroduceIDcardswithSouthAfrica'sinfamouspasslawsunderapartheid.
Rules & laws
- admiralty
- anti-bribery
- anti-regulatory
- anti-sodomy
- anti-speculative
- antitrust
- binding
- edict
- juridical
- leash law
- non-binding
- non-competition
- non-regulation
- protocol
- regulation
- self-regulation
- sharia
- the Highway Code
- the law is an assidiom
- the Official Secrets Act