It is located posterior to the groove for the superiorpetrosalsinus and posterolateral to the jugular foramen.
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It enters the middle cranial fossa through the greater (superficial)petrosalforamen (on the anterior surface of the petrous temporal bone).
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The first is the greaterpetrosalnerve and the second is the chorda tympani.
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The mucous membranes receive their postganglionic parasympathetic nerve innervation for mucous secretion originating from the greaterpetrosalnerve (a branch of the facial nerve).
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The visceral motor fibers pass through this plexus and merge to become the lesserpetrosalnerve.
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Division of the superiorpetrosalsinus may be required to gain sufficient access to the posterior fossa with larger tumors.
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Also, to prevent peduncular hallucinosis and other complications due to venous congestion, these types of surgeries should protect thepetrosalvein when possible.
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The greaterpetrosalnerve, which carries sensory fibers as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, emerges from the anterior aspect of the ganglion.
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The inferiorpetrosalsinus receives the internal auditory veins and also veins from the medulla oblongata, pons, and under surface of the cerebellum.
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The junction of the inferiorpetrosalsinus with the internal jugular vein takes place on the lateral aspect of the nerves.
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Its medial half is marked by a sulcus, which forms, with a corresponding sulcus on the occipital bone, the channel for the inferiorpetrosalsinus.
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Just distal to the geniculate ganglion, the facial nerve gives off the greaterpetrosalnerve.
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The nasal glands are innervated with secretomotor from the greaterpetrosalnerve.
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The lesserpetrosalnerve re-enters and travels through the temporal bone to emerge in the middle cranial fossa just lateral to the greater petrosal nerve.
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The lesserpetrosalnerve then travels anteriorly from the hiatus toward the foramen ovale, through which it exits the cranial cavity.
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