index case
noun[C]
medicalspecializeduk/ˈɪn.deks ˌkeɪs/us/ˈɪn.deks ˌkeɪs/the firstknowncasein agroupofpeopleof adiseaseormedicalconditionthat can bepassedon toothers, either throughinfectionor in thegenes:
指示病例This man is nowthoughtto be theindexcasefor 80percentof thepatientswhofellillwith thevirusin thecity.此人现在被认为是城市中80%病毒感染者的指示病例。
Wereporttheoccurrenceof thesyndromein twogenerationsof afamilyin which theindexcasewas a 6-year-oldboy.我们现在报道一个家庭两代人中出现了综合症，指示病例是一个6岁的男孩。
- Most of the otherworkersarerecoveringand some havereturnedtotheirjobs, butothers,includingtheindexcase, are stillunabletowork.
- Weassumedthat thesepatientswere morelikelyto have beencontaminatedthroughdirectcontactwith anindexcasethan by alocalenvironmentalsource.
- Scientistsidentifiedat least 10separatechainsoftransmission, eachoriginatingfrom oneindexcase.
- It wassuspectedthat there might be alinkbetween theoutbreakand aprobableindexcase, afoodhandlerwho hadcontractedhepatitisA.
- We wouldadvisetestingfamilymembers-children,parents,brothersandsisters- because thediseaserunsinfamilies, and he may well be theindexcasein afamilythat has a lot ofceliacdisease.
- ECGs should beobtainedin allfamilymemberswhen theindexcasepresentswithsymptoms.
Passing on illness & causing disease
- aerosolize
- catching
- community transmission
- contact tracer
- contact tracing
- disseminator
- epidemic
- harbour
- infected
- insalubrious
- noncontagious
- pass on
- percent positive
- pestilential
- positivity rate
- transmit
- transmittable
- unhygienic
- verminous
- virally