Portal hypertension may be present, resulting in other conditions including splenomegaly, hematemesis andmelena.
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Hematemesis,melena, hemoptysis, hematuria and epistaxis also occur and may lead to hypovolemic shock.
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Blood may be observed in vomit (hematemesis) or in altered form in the stool (melena).
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Gastrointestinal lymphoma causes vomiting, diarrhea, andmelena(digested blood in the stool).
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The symptoms can include hematemesis, or vomiting blood;melena, passing black, tarry stools; or passing maroon stools or frank blood in the stools.
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Some individuals may have bleeding in the esophagus, manifesting as vomiting of blood or asmelenastools.
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Very often, however, aside from themelenaitself, there are no other symptoms.
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Melenais often a medical emergency as it arises from a significant amount of bleeding.
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This is known asmelena, and is typically due to bleeding in the upper digestive tract, such as from a bleeding peptic ulcer.
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Adverse events such as vomiting andmelena(dark color feces) can also occur.
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For this reason,melenais often associated with blood in the stomach or duodenum (upper gastrointestinal tract), for example by a peptic ulcer.
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A less serious, self-limiting case ofmelenacan occur in newborns two to three days after delivery, due to swallowed maternal blood.
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These include dysphagia, weight loss, anemia, signs of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (such as hematemesis ormelena) and jaundice.
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As the disease progresses, hematuria,melenaand menorrhagia may develop.
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Melenahas a taste for alcohol and pinlobble leaves (which act as a tranquiliser).
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