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单词 counterfactual
释义
counterfactual
adjective
formal
uk
/ˌkaʊn.təˈfæk.tʃu.əl/us
/ˌkaʊn.t̬ɚˈfæk.tʃu.əl/
thinkingabout what did nothappenbut could havehappened, orrelatingto thiskindofthinking:
违实的，反事实的，与事实相反的
Thoughts about how anembarrassingeventmight haveturnedoutdifferentlyareknowntopsychologistsas counterfactualthinking.心理学家把人们想象已发生的尴尬事件其实可能以不同方式发生这样的想法叫做违实思考。
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Thinking and contemplating
  • a brown studyidiom
  • agonize
  • agonize over/aboutsomething
  • beard-stroking
  • bethink
  • consideration
  • dip
  • harbour
  • introspect
  • introspection
  • joined-up thinking
  • lateral thinking
  • let me see/let's seeidiom
  • reflection
  • run throughsomeone'smind/headidiom
  • scratch
  • scratchyourheadidiom
  • self-contemplation
  • self-reflection
  • soul-searching
See more results »
counterfactual
noun[C]
formal
uk/ˌkaʊn.təˈfæk.tʃu.əl/us/ˌkaʊn.t̬ɚˈfæk.tʃu.əl/
something such aspieceof writing or anargumentthatconsiderswhat would have been theresultifeventshadhappenedin a different way to how theyactuallyhappened:
Oneapproachis toconsidera counterfactual: what if thewaveofglobaltradeliberalizationthatbeganafter the secondworldwarhad never takenplace?
More examples
  • Theycompareactualincomedistributionsin 2018 to a counterfactual thatassumesincomeshadcontinuedtokeeppacewithgrowthinpercapitaGross Domestic Product (GDP).
  • We cansolvethismissingdataproblembyconstructingcounterfactuals: how much acollegegraduatewouldearnif she hadchosento be a highschoolgraduate.
  • You can'tprovea counterfactual such as theclaimthat if there had beenvideo, thatofficernever would have beencharged.
  • A counterfactual is amentalsimulationwhere youthinkabout something thathappened, and thenimagineanalternateending.
SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases
Imagining and conceiving
  • assume
  • beyondyourwildest dreamsidiom
  • blue-sky
  • conceivable
  • conceivably
  • guess
  • imagine
  • inyourmind's eyeidiom
  • inconceivably
  • lay the foundation(s) of/foridiom
  • look on/uponsomeone/somethingassomething
  • mental image
  • reach
  • regard
  • revisualization
  • riot
  • run riotidiom
  • theorize
  • think ofsomething
  • throw
See more results »

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

Guesses and assumptions
(Definition ofcounterfactualfrom theCambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus© Cambridge University Press)
counterfactual
adjective
formal
uk
/ˌkaʊn.təˈfæk.tʃu.əl/us
/ˌkaʊn.t̬ɚˈfæk.tʃu.əl/
thinkingabout what did nothappenbut could havehappened, orrelatingto thiskindofthinking
违实的，反事实的，与事实相反的
Thoughts about how anembarrassingeventmight haveturnedoutdifferentlyareknowntopsychologistsas counterfactualthinking.心理学家把人们想象已发生的尴尬事件其实可能以不同方式发生这样的想法叫做违实思考。

Examplesofcounterfactual

counterfactual
In political science, the task is more difficult, and requires either comparative analysis or the careful use ofcounterfactualscenarios.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Counterfactualsimulations are also presented to highlight what might happen if things take a different turn.
From theCambridge English Corpus
This is so because strong indifference is now ascertained by means of acounterfactualsituation.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Even in the absence of empirical evidence acounterfactualargument always presumes a pattern of covariational evidence.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The problem is that given such a broad definition it is difficult to imagine acounterfactualconditional for stakeholder.
From theCambridge English Corpus
For that judgment we must rely on complexcounterfactualjudgments about whether and to what extent a different pattern of politics is possible.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The interpretation is also imaginary for all spaces embedded incounterfactualor other distanced spaces.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Similarly, at the time at whichcounterfactualstatements are true, it is not required that the circumstances or actions referred to actually exist.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Although this may seem self-evident, it is a crucial limit on our ability to develop compellingcounterfactualscenarios.
From theCambridge English Corpus
The tradeoff allowscounterfactualpaths with a lower likelihood of the business-cycle index remaining fixed, rather than allowing variation in the counterfactual business-cycle index.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Explanations of such occurrences as inattention or neglect can, of course, verge oncounterfactualhistory, with all its potential hazards.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Gauging ' ' the impact of domestic politics ' ' necessitates positing acounterfactualforeign policy uninfluenced by such factors.
From theCambridge English Corpus
It also requires that we follow some basic ground-rules for historical comparison andcounterfactualanalysis.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Both involve acounterfactualsituation that could, if somehow realized, yield important information.
From theCambridge English Corpus
Initially, it was also assumed that, unlike if-conditionals, unless-sentences withcounterfactual(or irrealis) meanings are not acceptable.
From theCambridge English Corpus
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
#https://dictionary.cambridge.org//dictionary/english/counterfactual##
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更新时间：2024/12/28 2:11:26