refrained
past simple and past participle ofrefrain
| 单词 | refrained |
| 释义 | refrained past simple and past participle ofrefrain refrain verb[I] formaluk/rɪˈfreɪn/us/rɪˈfreɪn/C2 toavoiddoing orstopyourself from doing something: We refrainedfromtalkinguntil weknewthat it wassafe. Thesignon thewallsaid "Please refrainfromsmoking." Synonym desistformal Abstaining and refraining
Examplesofrefrainedrefrained In English, many past and present participles of verbs can be used as adjectives. Some of these examples may show the adjective use. Neither parasitoidrefrainedfrom oviposition in situations where its progeny were very unlikely to develop. From theCambridge English Corpus Nevertheless, in contrast to the 1920s, the employersrefrainedfrom direct attacks on the union, and the framework of collective bargaining was never repudiated. From theCambridge English Corpus For the sake of brevity, we haverefrainedfrom a detailed exposition. From theCambridge English Corpus In choosing an analysis method we wished to avoid a priori assumptions about the nurses' answers and sorefrainedfrom applying a predetermined coding framework. From theCambridge English Corpus But herefrainedfrom including among these obstacles the caudillos, who were to strike the decisive final blow against these projects. From theCambridge English Corpus In some villages, one candidacy was so weak that its supportersrefrainedfrom provoking any fight. From theCambridge English Corpus Such women should haverefrainedfrom extra-pair mating, sacrificing some genetic benefits they might otherwise have obtained. From theCambridge English Corpus We haverefrainedfrom integrating (7) to keep the fixpoint operator comparable to its predecessors. From theCambridge English Corpus In view of the large intermodel variability, werefrainedfrom a strictly quantitative synthesis of the modeling results. From theCambridge English Corpus But even so, he should haverefrainedfrom making use of this particular term to avoid possible misunderstanding. From theCambridge English Corpus Consequently, the previous government's binding policy package was retroactively abolished, and the incoming governmentrefrainedfrom further intervention in incomes policy. From theCambridge English Corpus If herefrainedfrom rescuing when this cost him nothing, this would indicate that he intended the death of the one to save the five. From theCambridge English Corpus Werefrainedfrom performing a test of delayed density dependence because unfortunately we could not come up with any clear working hypothesis in our system. From theCambridge English Corpus Due to sparse distribution of index minerals the authorsrefrainedfrom mapping mineral isograds. From theCambridge English Corpus Our analysis explicitlyrefrainedfrom judging the changes under consideration. From theCambridge English Corpus These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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