Adding withand
One of the main uses ofconjunctions is to add phrases and clauses together. The most common conjunction for adding isand:
Adding words
I love pictures of[word]puppiesand[word]kittens.
Adding phrases
It was not a very nice walk because of[phrase]the windand[phrase]the rain.
Adding clauses
[clause]Some of the rooms have one big bedand[clause]some of them have two smaller beds.
Adding sentences
[sentence]They worked together for more than twenty years.And[sentence]made a lot of money, too.
In formal writing we don’t normally start a sentence withand.
Adding prefixes
Tell me how much it will cost[prefix]pre-and[prefix]post-tax.
Whenandis used in a list, it is normally only used between the last two items in the list:
We had pasta, roasted peppersandsalad.
Not:We had pasta, and roasted peppers, and salad.
In British English, a comma is optional beforeandin lists. In American English, we usually do put a comma beforeand:
I need envelopes, paper clips, pens and printer ink.(BrE)
I need envelopes, paper clips, pens, and printer ink.(AmE)
See also:
And
Punctuation
British and American English
Adding withand … too
In speaking, we can also useand … tooto connect words, phrases and clauses.Toofocuses on the addition:
We bought lots of ice cream for the party,andsweetstoo.
We went to the circus,andHilda cametoo.
See also:
And
Conjunctions
Too
Adding withas well asandin addition to
As well asis more common thanin addition to. In addition tois more formal and used more in writing than in speaking:
As well asoffering a 15% discount on the furniture, Smith’s Furniture delivered it free to our house.
In addition tocutting jobs, the company has announced that its profits are down for this year.
When they are followed by clausesas well asorin addition tocan only be followed by a verb in the-ingform (non-finite clauses):
You become less selfishas well as learninghow to interact with other people.
Not:You become less selfish as well as you learn how to interact.…
If we worked in this shop, I think we would get good work experiencein addition to practisingour English.
In addition to doingan exam, applicants also had to do an interview.
Not:In addition to they did an exam…