Downtonersare words or phrases which reduce the force of another word or phrase. Downtoning is the opposite of emphasising. The most common downtoners are:
a bit | a little bit, a tiny bit | hardly | slightly |
a little | barely | (only) just | somewhat |
These downtoners are adverbs, and we use them to modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs:
I’ma little bitfed up with George – he’s so selfish.(less strong thanI’m fed up with George.)
I think he gotslightlyupset when we told him the news.
I wasbarely16 years old when I joined the army.
You’ll have to speak up. I canonly justhear you.
The city has changedsomewhatin the last ten years.(somewhatis more formal than the other words in the list.)
Downtoners: using vague language
We use vague language such askind of…,sort of… or the suffix-ishto reduce the force of a word or phrase:
A:Are you hungry?
B:Well,kind of. (less strong thanYes.)
She had asaddishlook on her face, I don’t know why.(less strong thanShe had a sad look on her face.)
See also:
Double negatives and usage
Discourse markers (so, right, okay)
Hedges (just)
Vague expressions