alineon agraphjoiningpointswhere aconsumerhas anequallevelofsatisfactionfromparticularquantitiesof twoproducts, whenquantitiesof oneproductareshownon theverticalaxisand the other on thehorizontalaxis
Higher theindifferencecurve, higher is the level of utility derived by the manager.
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Later work attempted to generalize to theindifferencecurveformulations of utility and marginal utility in avoiding unobservable measures of utility.
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That is, theindifferencecurvetangent to the budget constraint represents the maximum utility obtained utilizing the entire budget of the consumer.
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Imperfect substitutes have a lesser level of substitutability, and therefore exhibit variable marginal rates of substitution along the consumerindifferencecurve.
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Their method avoided the measurability of utility by constructing some abstract "indifferencecurvemap".
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Hence the manager would try to be on the highest level ofindifferencecurvepossible given the constraints.
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While anindifferencecurvemapping helps to solve the utility-maximizing problem of consumers, the isoquant mapping deals with the cost-minimization problem of producers.
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Theindifferencecurveof a perfect complement will exhibit a right angle, as illustrated by the figure at the right.
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In two dimensional case, the indifference curves are parallel; which is useful because the entire utility function can be determined from a singleindifferencecurve.
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Utility functions "g" and "u" give rise to identicalindifferencecurvemappings.
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